Study shows that engaging in long-term physical activity can help middle-aged and older adults lower their risk of diseases and mortality. The benefit of zoezi is regardless of previous levels of physical activity when the person was younger.
Miongozo ya Shirika la Afya Ulimwenguni inapendekeza dakika 150 kwa wiki za kiwango cha wastani shughuli za kimwili kwa kudumisha afya njema. Tafiti nyingi zimeonyesha kuwa kiwango cha shughuli za mwili kinahusishwa na hatari ya magonjwa kwa sababu zote, ugonjwa wa moyo na mishipa, hatari ya kifo na saratani. Ingawa hakuna utafiti mwingi ambao umefanywa kuelewa jinsi mabadiliko ya muda mrefu katika viwango vya mazoezi ya mwili yanaweza kuathiri afya ya idadi ya watu kwa ujumla.
Utafiti mpya uliochapishwa mnamo Juni 26 mnamo BMJ has investigated long-term effects of being kimwili active during middle and umri mkubwa. The study included data of 14,499 men and women (of ages 40 till 79 years) from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk) study conducted between 1993-1997 in the UK. All participants were analysed for risk factors at the start of the study, then three times in 8 years and every participant was followed up for additional 12.5 years. Physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) was calculated from self-reported questionnaires and this was combined with movements and heart monitoring. The array of physical activity included first, type of work/job a person did (sedentary office, standing work or kimwili laborious tasks), and second, leisure activities like cycling, swimming or other forms of recreational activities.
Baada ya kupima uzito wa shughuli za kimwili na mambo mengine ya hatari kwa ujumla (chakula, uzito, historia, shinikizo la damu, cholesterol nk), uchambuzi ulionyesha kuwa viwango vya kuongezeka kwa shughuli za kimwili hata kama zilianza kutoka umri wa kati zilihusishwa na hatari ndogo ya kifo. Kila ongezeko la 1kJ/kg/siku kwa mwaka katika PAEE lilihusishwa na hatari ya chini ya kifo kwa 24% (kwa sababu yoyote), hatari ya chini ya 29% ya vifo vya moyo na mishipa na asilimia 11 ya hatari ndogo ya kifo cha saratani. Data hii ilikuwa bila kujali kama mtu huyo alikuwa akifanya mazoezi ya viungo au la alipokuwa mdogo au kabla ya umri wa makamo. Watu ambao tayari walikuwa na shughuli nyingi za kimwili lakini hata zaidi waliongeza kiwango cha shughuli zao walikuwa na asilimia 46 ya hatari ya chini ya vifo.
Utafiti wa sasa ulifanyika kwa kiasi kikubwa, na ufuatiliaji wa muda mrefu na wa mara kwa mara wa washiriki. Utafiti unaonyesha kwamba ikiwa watu wazima wa makamo na wazee watakuwa na nguvu zaidi ya kimwili, wanaweza kuvuna longevity faida bila kujali shughuli za awali za kimwili na sababu za hatari zilizoanzishwa na hata kama wana hali ya matibabu. Kazi hii inatoa msaada kwa manufaa ya afya ya shughuli za kimwili kwa ujumla na pia inapendekeza kwamba kudumisha shughuli za kimwili wakati wa kati hadi marehemu kunaweza kuwa na manufaa.
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{Unaweza kusoma karatasi asili ya utafiti kwa kubofya kiungo cha DOI kilichotolewa hapa chini katika orodha ya (vyanzo) vilivyotajwa}
Chanzo (s)
Mok, A. na wenzake. 2019. Mwenendo wa shughuli za kimwili na vifo: utafiti wa kundi la watu. BMJ. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l2323
