Chanjo mpya, R21/Matrix-M imependekezwa na WHO kwa ajili ya kuzuia malaria kwa watoto.
Mapema mwaka wa 2021, WHO ilipendekeza RTS,S/AS01 chanjo ya malaria for prevention of malaria in children. This was the first malaria vaccine to be recommended.
R21/Matrix-M ni chanjo ya pili ya malaria iliyopendekezwa na WHO kwa ajili ya kuzuia malaria miongoni mwa watoto.
In view of limited supply of RTS,S/AS01 vaccine, recommendation of the second malaria vaccine R21/Matrix-M is expected to fill the supply gap to meet the high demand.
Recommendation of R21/Matrix-M vaccine was based on positive results of a phase III clinical trial involving 4800 children across five sites in four African countries. The vaccine had a well-tolerated safety profile and offered a high-level efficacy against clinical malaria.
Chanjo hiyo mpya ni chanjo ya gharama ya chini na inatarajiwa kuwa na athari kubwa kwa afya ya umma katika suala la mzigo wa magonjwa katika Afrika Kusini mwa Jangwa la Sahara.
Chanjo zote mbili za R21/Matrix-M na RTS,S/AS01 ni chanjo zinazofanana na chembe chembe za virusi kulingana na antijeni ya circumsporozoite protini (CSP) kwa hivyo zinafanana. Zote zinalenga plasmodium sporozoite. Hata hivyo, R21 ina protini moja ya mchanganyiko ya CSP-hepatitis B ya antijeni (HBsAg). Hii husababisha mwitikio wa juu wa kingamwili wa CSP na kupunguza mwitikio wa kingamwili wa anti-HBsAg ambao unaifanya kuwa chanjo ya kizazi kijacho ya RTS,S-kama.
The R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine is developed by the University of Oxford. It is being manufactured by the Serum Institute of India (SII) which already has production capacity for 100 million doses per year. SII will double the production capacity over the next two years to meet the need.
Mapendekezo ya WHO yanafungua njia ya ununuzi na ununuzi wa chanjo kwa ajili ya chanjo ya watoto katika maeneo yenye ugonjwa huo.
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Vyanzo:
- Taarifa ya WHO - WHO inapendekeza chanjo ya R21/Matrix-M kwa ajili ya kuzuia malaria katika ushauri uliosasishwa kuhusu chanjo. Iliwekwa mnamo 2 Oktoba 2023. Inapatikana kwa https://www.who.int/news/item/02-10-2023-who-recommends-r21-matrix-m-vaccine-for-malaria-prevention-in-updated-advice-on-immunization Ilitumika tarehe 3 Oktoba 2023.
- Datoo, MS, et al 2023. Jaribio la Awamu ya Tatu Lililodhibitiwa Nasibu Kutathmini Mtahiniwa wa Chanjo ya Malaria R21/Matrix-M™ katika Watoto wa Kiafrika. Chapisha awali katika SSRN. DOI: http://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4584076
- Laurens MB, 2020. chanjo ya RTS,S/AS01 (Mosquirix™): muhtasari. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020; 16(3): 480–489.Imechapishwa mtandaoni 2019 Okt 22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2019.1669415
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