Kusawazisha muundo wa kuamka kwa usingizi kwa mzunguko wa siku ya usiku ni muhimu kwa afya njema. WHO inaainisha mvurugiko wa saa ya mwili kuwa huenda ukasababisha saratani. Utafiti mpya katika The BMJ umechunguza athari za moja kwa moja za sifa za kulala (mapendeleo ya asubuhi au jioni, muda wa kulala na kukosa usingizi) katika hatari ya kupata saratani ya matiti na kugundua kuwa wanawake wanaopendelea kuamka asubuhi na mapema walikuwa na hatari ndogo, pia ikiwa muda wa kulala ni zaidi ya masaa 7-8 huongeza hatari ya saratani ya matiti.
The World Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on Kansa classifies shift work involving circadian disruption as probably carcinogenic to humans. Evidences point towards a positive connection between disruption in body clock and increased kansa hatari.
Uchunguzi umeonyesha kuwa wafanyakazi wa wanawake wanaofanya kazi za usiku wana juu zaidi hatari ya saratani ya matiti kutokana na kukatika kwa saa ya ndani ya mwili kunakosababishwa na mifumo ya kulala isiyobadilika na iliyotatizika, mwangaza wakati wa machweo na mabadiliko yanayohusiana na maisha. Walakini, sio tafiti nyingi ambazo zimezingatia kuchunguza uhusiano kati ya mtu sifa za kulala (a) mpangilio wa matukio ya mtu yaani wakati wa kulala na shughuli za kawaida (mfano wa kuamka wakati wa kulala) (b) muda wa kulala na (c) kukosa usingizi na hatari ya saratani ya matiti. Kujiripoti kwa wanawake katika tafiti za uchunguzi kuna uwezekano wa kufanya makosa au kuchanganyikiwa bila kupimwa na hivyo kufanya makisio ya moja kwa moja kuhusu uhusiano kati ya sifa hizi za usingizi na hatari ya saratani ya matiti ni changamoto sana.
Utafiti mpya uliochapishwa mnamo Juni 26 mnamo BMJ aimed to investigate the causal effects of sleep traits on risk of developing breast cancer using a combination of methods. Researchers utilized two large high-quality epidemiological resources – UK Biobank and BCAC study (Breast Cancer Association Consortium). UK Biobank study had 180,216 women participants of European descent of whom 7784 had breast cancer diagnosis. 228,951 women participants, also of European descent, in BCAC study of which 122977 were breast kansa cases and 105974 controls. These resources provided breast cancer status, confounding (unmeasured) factors and genetic variables.
Participants completed questionnaire which included sociodemographic information, lifestyles, family history, medical history, physiological factors. Alongside, participants self-reported their (a) chronotype i.e. morning or evening preference (b) average sleep duration and (c) insomnia symptoms. Researchers analyzed the genetic variants associated with these three particular sleep traits (recently identified in large genome-association studies) by using a method called Mendelian Randomization (MR). MR is an analytic research method used to investigate causal relationships between modifiable risk factors and health outcomes by using genetic variants as natural experiments. This method is less likely to be affected by confounding factors compared to traditional observational studies. Several factors which were considered as confounders of the association between sleep traits and risk of breast kansa were age, family history of breast cancer, education, BMI, alcohol habits, physical activity etc.
Uchambuzi wa Mendelian wa data ya Biobank ya Uingereza ulionyesha kuwa 'mapendeleo ya asubuhi' (mtu anayeamka asubuhi na mapema na kwenda kulala mapema jioni) alihusishwa na hatari ya chini ya saratani ya matiti (mwanamke 1 kati ya 100) ikilinganishwa na 'jioni. upendeleo'. Ushahidi mdogo sana ulionyesha uwezekano wa uhusiano wa hatari na muda wa kulala na kukosa usingizi. Uchambuzi wa Mendelian wa data ya BCAC pia uliunga mkono upendeleo wa asubuhi na zaidi ilionyesha kuwa muda mrefu wa kulala yaani zaidi ya masaa 7-8 huongeza hatari ya saratani ya matiti. Ushahidi wa kukosa usingizi haukuwa na uhakika. Kwa kuwa njia ya MR inatoa matokeo ya kuaminika kwa hivyo ikiwa uhusiano utapatikana, inapendekezwa kwa uhusiano wa moja kwa moja. Ushahidi ulionekana kuwa thabiti kwa vyama vyote viwili vya sababu.
Utafiti wa sasa unajumuisha mbinu nyingi ili kuweza kufanya tathmini kuhusu athari ya sababu ya sifa za usingizi kwenye hatari ya saratani ya matiti kwa mara ya kwanza, ikiwa ni pamoja na data kutoka kwa rasilimali mbili za ubora wa juu - Uingereza Biobank na BCAC na pili, kutumia data inayotokana na taarifa binafsi. na hatua zilizotathminiwa kwa usahihi za usingizi. Zaidi ya hayo, uchanganuzi wa MR ulitumia idadi kubwa zaidi ya SNP zilizotambuliwa katika tafiti za muungano wa jenomu hadi sasa. Matokeo yaliyoripotiwa yana athari kubwa za kushawishi tabia nzuri ya kulala kwa idadi ya watu (hasa vijana) ili kuboresha afya ya mtu. Matokeo yanaweza kusaidia kukuza mikakati mpya ya kibinafsi ya kupunguza hatari ya saratani inayohusishwa na usumbufu wa mfumo wetu wa mzunguko.
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{Unaweza kusoma karatasi asili ya utafiti kwa kubofya kiungo cha DOI kilichotolewa hapa chini katika orodha ya (vyanzo) vilivyotajwa}
Chanzo (s)
1. Richmond RC et al. 2019. Kuchunguza mahusiano ya sababu kati ya sifa za usingizi na hatari ya saratani ya matiti kwa wanawake: utafiti wa mendelian randomisation. BMJ. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l2327
2. Biobank ya Uingereza. https://www.ukbiobank.ac.uk/
3. Muungano wa Vyama vya Saratani ya Matiti. http://bcac.ccge.medschl.cam.ac.uk/
