Utafiti wa Lancet unaonyesha kuwa kisukari cha Aina ya 2 kinaweza kubadilishwa kwa wagonjwa wazima kwa kufuata mpango mkali wa kudhibiti uzito.
Aina ya 2 ugonjwa wa kisukari ni aina ya kawaida ya ugonjwa wa kisukari and is looked as a chronic progressive disease which requires lifelong medical treatment. The number of people with aina 2 kisukari has quadrupled over the past 35 years worldwide, and this number is expected to cross 600 million by 2040.This study increase in type 2 ugonjwa wa kisukari patients is linked to the alarming rise in levels of obesity and the accumulation of fat in the abdomen.
Maisha yenye afya bora kama mbadala wa dawa za kupunguza kisukari?
It has been discoursed many times that type 2 ugonjwa wa kisukari may be reversible or even completely cut out with a timely combination of healthier diet, physical activityand lifestyle changes.In short, a lifestyle overhaul. Also, it has been established that being overweight (BMI greater than 25) increases risk of developing aina 2 kisukari. However, the focus has mainly remained on prescribing drug treatments to reduce blood sugar levels. Diet and lifestyle changes are elaborately discussed but generally these therapies do not include cutting calories or substantial weight loss. In short, the root cause has never been pondered upon.
Urekebishaji wa mtindo wa maisha
So, what can be done to reverse the incidence of type 2 ugonjwa wa kisukari? Utafiti wa hivi majuzi huko Lancet1 shows that a complete lifestyle overhaul is the key factor in controlling this disease. The study analyses and builds up on the underlying cause of the condition, leading to interesting outcomes. It has been shown that after 1 year, participants had lost an average of 10kg, and nearly half of them had reverted to a non-diabetic state while not using any form of treatment for ugonjwa wa kisukari. This study led by Professor Roy Taylor, from Newcastle University, and Professor Mike Lean from Glasgow University, is novel in the aspect of advising dietary weight loss to participants but with no noteworthy increase in physical activity. However, the long-term follow ups definitely require sustained daily activity.
The Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial (DiRECT)included 298 adults aged 20-65 years who had been diagnosed with type 2 ugonjwa wa kisukari in the past 6 years. Here, the authors do note that the majority of the participants were British white, conveying that their findings may not broadly apply to other ethnic groups.
Kupunguza kalori ni muhimu
Programu ya udhibiti wa uzito ilitolewa na wataalamu wa lishe na/au wauguzi na ilianza na awamu ya uingizwaji ya lishe inayojumuisha mlo wa fomula ya kalori ya chini. Lishe iliyodhibitiwa na kalori ilihusisha kikomo cha juu cha kila siku cha kalori 825-853 kwa siku, kwa karibu miezi mitatu hadi mitano. Hii ilifuatiwa na kuletwa upya kwa viwango vya vyakula vingine. Kanuni hizi za lishe ziliunganishwa na vikao vya tiba ya tabia ya utambuzi na aina fulani ya mazoezi ili kusaidia kudumisha upunguzaji wa uzito unaoendelea.Dawa zote za Antidiabetic zilisimamishwa mwanzoni mwa programu.
Utafiti uliopita2 na watafiti hao walikuwa wamethibitisha Dhana ya Mzunguko Pacha ambayo ilisema kwamba sababu kuu ya aina 2 kisukari ni mafuta ya ziada ndani ya ini na kongosho. Walikuwa wamegundua kwamba watu walio na ugonjwa huo wanaweza kurejeshwa kwa udhibiti wa kawaida wa glukosi kwa kula na kudumisha mlo wa chini sana wa kalori hivyo kuruhusu viungo hivi kurudi kwa kazi ya kawaida.
Ondoleo la ugonjwa wa kisukari cha aina ya 2 kama matokeo kuu
Matokeo kuu ya mpango mkubwa wa kudhibiti uzito yalikuwa kupoteza uzito wa kilo 15 au zaidi, kuboresha kwa kiasi kikubwa ubora wa maisha katika miezi 12 na muhimu zaidi kusamehewa. ugonjwa wa kisukari. Uboreshaji mkubwa pia ulibainishwa katika viwango vya wastani vya lipid katika damu na karibu asilimia 50 ya wagonjwa hawakuonyesha kupanda kwa shinikizo la damu, hivyo hawakuhitaji dawa za antihypertensive.
This finding is very exciting and remarkable, and could revolutionize the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Its also indicated that the very large weight losses targeted by bariatric surgery (risk, unsuitability to most patients) may not be a necessity and a very comparable objective of weight loss which such a programme provides is a more reasonable and practically achievable proposition for many patients and will regular follow ups. Intensive weight loss (which could be provided in a non-specialist community setting)is not only linked to better management of type 2 ugonjwa wa kisukari but also could result in lasting remission.
Changamoto mbele
This study paves way for strategies for prevention and early care of type 2 ugonjwa wa kisukari as the primary goal. Putting Type 2 ugonjwa wa kisukari into remission as early as possible after diagnosis can have extraordinary benefits and as the study shows, it may well be possible for almost half of all patients to achieve this in routine primary care settingand without drugs.
Hata hivyo, mbinu iliyoelezewa huenda isiwe njia ambayo inaweza kuwa endelevu kwa maisha kwani si rahisi na ni changamoto kubwa kwa watu kuishi kwa kufuata kanuni za lishe ya "maisha yao yote". Kwa hivyo, changamoto kubwa dhahiri ya mbinu hii ni kuepusha kwa muda mrefu kupata uzito tena. Bila shaka, kubadilika huko kunahitaji kuhimizwa ili kuboresha matokeo ya mtu binafsi. Zaidi ya hayo, uingiliaji kati sahihi wa kitabia na programu zinazohimiza na kusaidia wagonjwa kwa asilia kutekeleza mabadiliko ya mtindo wa maisha zinahitaji kutengenezwa. Hii itahitaji mikakati ya kiwango cha mtu binafsi na pia pana zaidi ikijumuisha uamuzi wa kiuchumi kama vile kutoza ushuru wa vyakula visivyofaa.
Matokeo yaliyochapishwa katika Lancet propagates extensive use of intensive weight loss intervention strategies in the routine care and remission of type 2 ugonjwa wa kisukari in the health sector.
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{Unaweza kusoma karatasi asili ya utafiti kwa kubofya kiungo cha DOI kilichotolewa hapa chini katika orodha ya (vyanzo) vilivyotajwa}
Chanzo (s)
1. Michael EJ et al 2017. Usimamizi wa uzito unaoongozwa na utunzaji wa msingi kwa ondoleo la ugonjwa wa kisukari cha aina ya 2 (DiRECT): jaribio la wazi, jaribio lisilopangwa kwa nguzo. Lancet. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33102-1
2. Roy T 2013. Aina ya 2 ya kisukari: Etiolojia na reversibility. Utunzaji wa Kisukari. 36 (4). http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc12-1805
